It also presents data on sex and race or ethnicity of workers with a bachelor’s degree or higher in a subset of STEM occupations-that is, S&E and S&E-related occupations. This section mostly focuses on sex, race or ethnicity, nativity, and citizenship of workers in STEM occupations by educational attainment. Lower participation among certain demographic groups signals a lack of diversity in the workplace, which may negatively impact productivity, innovation, and entrepreneurship (Bell et al. Some demographic groups are represented to a lesser degree in STEM compared to the general population and may be seen as an underutilized source of talent for building the capacity of the S&E enterprise. workforce and enhance the innovative capacity of the S&E enterprise in the United States (NSB 2020). STEM enterprise will lead to the expansion of STEM capabilities throughout the U.S. Acknowledgments and Citation Expand collapseīroadening participation in the U.S.Salary Differences across Sex and Race or Ethnicity.Representation of Race or Ethnicity in STEM.Participation of Demographic Groups in STEM Expand collapse.Geographic Distribution of the STEM Workforce.Working Involuntarily Part Time or Out of One’s Field of Highest Degree.STEM Labor Market Conditions and the Economy Expand collapse.Application of STEM Skills and Expertise by Non-S&E Workers.Education and Training of Workers in STEM.STEM Pathways: Degree Attainment, Training, and Occupations Expand collapse.A New Expanded Definition of the STEM Workforce.A Traditional Definition: S&E Workers in the STEM Workforce.STEM Workforce: Definition, Size, and Growth Expand collapse
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